Mars Clay Preserves Diverse Organic Molecules, Hinting at Ancient Habitability

NASA's Curiosity rover, using the SAM instrument and a TMAH-based process, detected more than 20 organic molecules in the Glen Torridon clay-bearing unit of Gale Crater, including a nitrogen-containing compound similar to DNA components and benzothiophene. The findings suggest ancient organics could be preserved for about 3.5 billion years, signaling past habitability, but they do not prove life; confirming such a possibility would require returning Martian rocks to Earth. The study was published in Nature Communications.