China launches four orbital rockets in 45 hours, highlighting both private and state fleets

China completed a 45-hour orbital-launch sprint from three sites, with LandSpace’s Zhuque-2E (Jiuquan) carrying 10 Qianfan broadband satellites; Orienspace’s Gravity-1 (sea launch off Shanghai) carrying nine SatNet satellites; Long March 12 (Wenchang) carrying nine SatNet satellites; and Kuaizhou-11 (Jiuquan) carrying two radar satellites for Spacety. Two launches were private vehicles, and all four missions succeeded with no landings attempted, underscoring growing private and state launch capabilities in China.