HDI strata reveal global gaps in traumatic brain injury outcomes
A multi-country prospective study (GNS-I) across 29 nations (2,165 TBI patients) found substantial HDI-linked differences in who gets injured, how injuries occur, and how patients access prehospital care. While mortality odds were highest in the high-HDI tier relative to very-high-HDI, there was no clear dose–response with HDI. The study concludes that HDI-targeted prevention and prehospital improvements may reduce the global TBI burden more effectively than hospital-based strategies alone, highlighting inequities in mechanism, demographics, and access that shape outcomes. Data and code are publicly available via the study team’s GitHub.