"Cross-Cultural Study: Exploring Global Variations in Music Perception and Rhythm Interpretation"
A cross-cultural study involving 39 participant groups from 15 countries revealed that all groups exhibited discrete mental representations of rhythm, with modes at small-integer-ratio rhythms being a widespread feature. The study used an iterated reproduction paradigm to measure Bayesian priors on simple periodic rhythms, finding that while all groups showed discrete modes, the presence of specific small-integer rhythms varied across cultures. The results suggest that small-integer-ratio rhythm categories are a common feature of human mental representations, but their presence and prominence vary cross-culturally.