Eni bets fusion will power its next refinery ambitions

Eni is expanding into nuclear fusion, aiming to commercialize a European fusion plant by the early 2040s via a partnership with Commonwealth Fusion Systems, and leveraging its hydrogen/hydrocarbon know-how. The plan includes a US plant expected in the 2030s and a European second site, plus a fuel-cycle venture with the UK Atomic Energy Authority, as it joins a broader industry race to commercialize fusion—though the technology has yet to prove it can scale commercially.