Wisconsin EHD outbreak reaches 2,305 deer, setting new state record

Key points

• At least 2,305 white-tailed deer have died from EHD in eight counties, surpassing the previous record of 321 deaths in 2012.
• Washington County accounts for over 1,300 deaths, followed by Waukesha County with over 600.
• The disease was confirmed in dairy heifers in Waukesha County and captive deer in Washington County.
• EHD is transmitted by midges and typically subsides after the first frost, which occurred in mid-October.
• The DNR maintains that hunting tags will not be reduced, despite concerns from local hunters about the impact on deer populations.

Background

This outbreak began in late July 2026 and has been expanding since. Earlier reports in September indicated the toll had reached 1,100 deer across five counties. The current figures represent a significant increase from those earlier estimates, confirming the severity of the 2026 season as the worst on record for Wisconsin.

Why it matters

The outbreak highlights the vulnerability of local wildlife to vector-borne diseases and the challenges in tracking the full scope of such events. While the disease does not affect humans, it impacts local ecosystems and hunting practices. The DNR's decision to maintain hunting quotas despite high mortality rates reflects a balance between wildlife management and economic interests, though it has drawn criticism from some hunters who observe the devastating impact on deer populations.

What to watch

The outbreak is likely to end as colder weather kills the midges that transmit the virus. The DNR will continue to monitor reports of dead or sick deer to assess the full impact. In the long term, local deer herds are expected to recover, as they have done in previous outbreaks. The DNR will also review the data to inform future wildlife management strategies.