Creatine: Beyond muscles to brain health and potential therapies

Creatine, long used to boost muscle energy, may also support brain function and offer therapeutic potential for aging-related decline and certain diseases. The review covers how creatine is produced, stored as phosphocreatine to regenerate ATP, and how dosing (loading ~20 g/day for 5–7 days, then 3–5 g/day) and absorption affect uptake. It notes possible benefits for memory and mood, but emphasizes that results vary and more robust trials are needed; creatine is generally safe for healthy individuals, with kidney concerns warranting medical advice.