
Dementia risk hinges on how you move: leisure activity protects, work-related activity may harm
A Lancet Public Health review of 74 studies (over 4.2 million people across 30 countries) finds that leisure-time physical activity—such as sports, dancing, or gym workouts—lowers dementia risk by about 24%, while occupational physical activity raises risk by about 20% and active commuting by about 10%, illustrating the 'physical activity paradox.' Benefits of leisure activity likely come from greater education, mental stimulation, and biological effects like improved blood flow and reduced inflammation; work-related activity can involve pollutants, stress, and fewer educational opportunities, which may undermine protection. The authors call for more research in low-income countries to understand these inequalities and drivers.












