Global powers push back as US sanctions bill awaits signing

The US Congress approved a Russia sanctions bill that would punish Moscow's leadership, energy sector, defense industry, and the so‑called 'shadow fleet' for embargoed fuel, and empower 100% sanctions on the five largest global buyers of Russian oil. Moscow warns the move could prolong the Ukraine war, while China and India push back, arguing the measures threaten trade; the EU worries about waivers and retaliation. Trump’s stance remains unclear, though reports say he intends to sign. China has accounted for about half of Russia’s crude since 2022; India ~37%; the EU ~5% of oil purchases, with the bloc also the largest LNG and pipeline gas buyer.