New Study Estimates 75% of Deceased NFL Players Had CTE

Key points

• Boston University researchers estimated that 74.5% of former NFL players who died between 2008 and 2023 had CTE.
• The study analyzed 2,362 deceased players, finding that 93.5% of those who donated their brains showed signs of CTE.
• Researchers adjusted for donation bias, noting that families of players with cognitive symptoms were five times more likely to donate brains.
• The study also found that approximately 27% of the former players had dementia.
• Experts emphasize that CTE is currently only diagnosable after death and that current safety rules may reduce risk for younger generations.

Background

Previous studies, including one published in August 2026, estimated that 25% to 98% of ex-NFL players who died between 2016 and 2021 had CTE. The new study aims to provide a more representative population-level estimate by accounting for selection bias in brain donation. Earlier coverage also highlighted community reactions to CTE findings, particularly in youth football programs.

How outlets are covering it

CBS News and The Guardian both highlight the 75% estimate but emphasize different aspects. CBS News focuses on expert cautions that the figure may be an overestimate and that it does not necessarily mean players will develop symptoms. The Guardian notes the substantial difference between CTE rates in NFL players and the general population, where less than 1% of brain samples show CTE. Science News emphasizes the methodological adjustment for donation bias, noting that families of players with symptoms were five times more likely to donate brains. All sources agree on the need for better early detection methods, with CBS News and Science News highlighting research into 'instrumental activities of daily living' and biomarkers.

Why it matters

The study provides the first population-level estimate of CTE prevalence among NFL players, highlighting the severe long-term risks of repetitive head impacts in professional football. It underscores the need for better early detection methods and ongoing research into biomarkers and interventions that could potentially slow or reverse the disease. The findings also raise concerns about the public health impact of CTE and the need for continued efforts to improve player safety.

What to watch

Researchers are calling for more long-term studies to track current and former players throughout their lives to identify abnormal changes in the body or brain. There is also a push to develop tools and biomarkers to detect CTE during life, which could enable better prevention and treatment strategies. The NFL and other organizations are expected to continue implementing safety measures and supporting research into CTE and other neurodegenerative diseases.