Israel's Intensifying Ground Offensive in Gaza Sparks Concerns of Bloody Urban Warfare

As Israel considers a ground invasion of Gaza, combat in the densely populated cities is expected to be a bloody and challenging endeavor. Urban warfare nullifies the advantages of a modern army, forcing it into an even fight against defenders with inferior numbers and capabilities. The nature of the environment gives Hamas meaningful advantages, including the use of tunnels and buildings for hiding and protection. The presence of civilians further complicates the situation. Despite the challenges, the IDF has tools and lessons from other Western forces to overcome them, including isolating the battle, utilizing superior technology at night, and relying on drones and robots for reconnaissance. The IDF will also need to coordinate combined arms maneuver and be prepared for a slow grind.