China's Economic Challenges: A Cautionary Tale of Centralized Planning
China's economic success was not due to statism, but rather to the gradual and pragmatic liberalization that took place under Deng Xiaoping's economic reforms in 1978. The growth was fueled by small-scale rural entrepreneurship and market-oriented regions, while state interventionism has led to high debt and slower growth in other areas. The absence of strong property rights has been compensated by a sense of security and confidence among Chinese entrepreneurs, which is now being eroded under President Xi Jinping. The importance of Hong Kong's rule of law and access to global capital in funding Chinese high-tech startups is highlighted. While statism has played a role in building infrastructure, it is not the cause of growth and has led to precarious indebtedness. China's underinvestment in education and health, along with the government's shift towards statism and neglect of the private sector, pose threats to future economic prospects.