Supplements under the microscope: when pills help and when to skip

Most people gain little from supplements if they eat well; multivitamins show only tiny memory benefits, and real food is the best source of nutrients. Some supplements may help in specific cases—creatine for athletes, collagen for certain skin/joint needs, vitamin D in UK winters, magnesium for those with low intake, omega-3 for non-fish eaters, and iron for deficiency—though these should be guided by a clinician. Focus on a balanced plate with protein, a variety of plants, fiber-rich carbs and healthy fats, and use supplements only where clearly indicated.