Understanding War Crimes: Accountability, Laws of War, and Urgent Signs of Atrocities in Israel and Gaza

The ongoing conflict between Israel and Hamas has raised concerns about war crimes committed by both sides. International humanitarian law, established by the Geneva Convention, sets obligations for nations, soldiers, and groups involved in armed conflicts to minimize harm to civilians. Violations of these protections can lead to prosecution by international courts or any nation exercising universal jurisdiction. Both Israel and Hamas can be held accountable under international law, and the Independent International Commission of Inquiry is collecting evidence of war crimes committed by all sides. War crimes include deliberately targeting civilians, disproportionate attacks, and withholding medical care. Prosecuting war crimes can be challenging, but international arrest warrants can be executed by any of the 123 member nations of the International Criminal Court.