Seeing Earth Whole: The Astronaut Mindshift Behind the Overview Effect
Earthrise (1968) and the later Blue Marble helped people see Earth as a finite, borderless world; astronauts report a persistent 'overview effect'—a mindshift toward seeing Earth as a fragile, connected system and feeling protective toward it. The evidence is largely anecdotal; researchers are only beginning to measure it, with VR and awe studies offering early hints, and whether it will spread to the public remains an open question.