A genome-first view of how the human brain evolved

This Nature Neuroscience review outlines a 'genome-up' approach to decoding human brain evolution by leveraging thousands of genomes from mammals, non-human primates, ancient humans and modern humans to identify genomic regions under selection. It emphasizes integrating comparative experiments and functional dissection of human-evolved loci, and calls for expanding cohorts and applying diverse contexts to link genetic changes to cognitive and social traits across evolutionary timescales.