Pakistan's Space Exploration Gap: A Comparative Analysis with India, Russia, Japan, and the US

Pakistan lags behind in space exploration due to persistent economic challenges, hindering significant investments in space research and exploration. The country's space agency, SUPARCO, has fallen behind India's ISRO, which ranks among the top 10 largest space agencies globally. Pakistan's limited activity until the 1990s and a lack of a well-developed IT sector have also impeded its progress. In contrast, India's robust IT industry has played a major role in supporting its space advancements.