Dietary fats steer T cell ferroptosis to modulate immunity

Dietary lipid composition (PUFAs/MUFAs) determines mouse T cell resistance to ferroptosis, shaping T cell homeostasis and immune responses via lipid remodeling; these diet‑induced ferroptosis effects (DEFs) are microbiota‑independent and correlate with human plasma lipid profiles, with PUFA‑containing phospholipids driven by ACSL4 underpinning TFH cell development and broader T cell–mediated immunity, including anti‑tumor responses and CAR‑T therapy. The findings suggest targeting lipid metabolism could enhance vaccines and immunotherapies.