Unpredictable Dormant Volcanoes: A Lurking Explosive Threat

A study of the Ciomadul volcano in Romania reveals the potential for long-dormant volcanoes to erupt explosively. By analyzing the crystals and minerals in volcanic rocks, scientists identified two magma zones and found that the composition of recharge magma determines the eruption type. The switch from gentle effusive eruptions to dangerous explosive eruptions was attributed to increased water content and crystallinity in the magma. Understanding these processes can help in predicting volcanic activity and mitigating risks associated with eruptions.