Low-Intensity Ultrasound Reprograms Immune Cells to Halt Joint Inflammation

Researchers at the University of Alabama in Huntsville report that continuous low‑intensity ultrasound can shift macrophages from a pro‑inflammatory M1 state to a reparative M2‑like state, lowering inflammation and promoting tissue repair after joint injury. This non‑invasive approach could help prevent post‑traumatic osteoarthritis, with findings based on a fibronectin fragment injury model and transcriptomic analysis; however, the work is laboratory‑stage and requires animal validation before clinical use.