
Slow mantle uplift seeded East Antarctica's continental ice sheet 34 million years ago
A 2026 modelling study links East Antarctica’s rise to Jurassic-era mantle processes triggered by continental breakup, arguing that tens of millions of years of uplift created a high interior and ice-hardy topography that allowed a continent-wide ice sheet to form around 34 million years ago even while global temperatures were about 5°C warmer than today. Falling CO2 remained the primary trigger, with topography and albedo feedbacks helping seed and stabilize the ice, though this reconstruction carries uncertainties and does not guarantee modern ice safety.
