Cassini's Grand Finale: Sampling Enceladus' Plumes Before a Deliberate Crash
NASA’s Cassini spent 13 years circling Saturn, flying through Enceladus’ icy plumes to sample water and organic molecules (including hydrogen), hinting at a subsurface ocean and energy sources for life. To prevent potential Earth microorganisms contamination, the probe was steered into Saturn’s atmosphere in September 2017, ending the mission while preserving the ice moon’s ocean for future study.