Muscles as Endocrine Partners: Movement Is Medicine for the Whole Body

Muscles release signaling molecules called myokines when they contract, influencing immune function, brain health, metabolism, bones, and cardiovascular health. Exercise elevates myokines (e.g., IL-6, irisin, BDNF) and exerkines, promoting fat loss, insulin sensitivity, neuroplasticity, immune surveillance, bone remodeling, and even cancer suppression. A sedentary lifestyle raises disease risk, making regular movement essential for overall health.