Ancient Genetic Switch Shapes Wing Patterns Across Lepidoptera

An international study finds that distantly related Lepidoptera rely on the same two genes, ivory and optix, controlled by regulatory switches, to produce identical wing color patterns across 120 million years of evolution, via Müllerian and Batesian mimicry; the work suggests evolution may be more predictable than previously thought, with mutation hotspots enabling rapid adaptation, including an inversion mechanism in some moths and genetic modification confirming the gene’s role in color.