Venus Surface Relics: Study Suggests At Least Seven Probes Could Survive

A Geoarchaeology study of 15 Venus missions (1965–1985) suggests at least seven probes may have endured Venus’ extreme surface conditions to become long‑lasting space artifacts. NASA’s GEER lab tests indicate titanium and aluminum parts could survive the harsh environment, while seals would fail and sulfuric acid clouds would deform others. The Pioneer Venus Day Probe is highlighted as a prime candidate for future imaging, with upcoming missions DAVINCI and VERITAS planned for 2030–2031.