Exercise training slows molecular aging in human muscle and preserves energy metabolism
Regular physical training reshapes age-related muscle molecular profiles: trained older adults show about half of the age-related declines in energy metabolism gene expression disappear, producing aging muscle signatures similar to younger individuals. While acute exercise triggers immune and stress responses in everyone, the strength of these responses in older adults correlates with fitness. Integrated multi-omics reveal links between mitochondrial respiration, lipid metabolism, stress responses, and NAD+ biology, suggesting that sustained training decelerates molecular aging and preserves energy metabolism while enhancing exercise responsiveness in aging muscle.
