Spain Could Be a Last Refuge in a Distant Supercontinent
A Bristol-led study in Nature Geoscience finds that in about 250 million years, when a new supercontinent forms (Pangea Ultima), most land could be too hot and dry for mammals, but parts of southern Europe such as Spain may lie in a less extreme region due to latitude and proximity to the ocean. Conditions would still be harsh with high heat and limited rainfall, and the conclusion is not that Spain would be safe, but that it could be comparatively less severe; the research aims to understand how geography, atmosphere, and solar energy shape long‑term climate rather than predict livable refuges.
