Tardigrades Survive the Extreme by Turning into a Glassy, Time-Stopped State
Tardigrades endure boiling, freezing, vacuum, and high radiation by drying into a glass-like tun that halts metabolism. This cryptobiosis is enabled by tardigrade-specific proteins (TDPs) that form a protective amorphous solid and the Dsup protein that shields DNA from radiation. They’ve been revived after years and even sent to space (ISS), with ongoing studies aiming to apply these mechanisms for radioprotection and dry, room-temperature biomedical storage, though translating to humans remains far off.