All articles tagged with #solar interior
A new study proposes the young Sun swallowed a planet several times Earth's mass (a super-Earth), with chemical fingerprints of that event possibly still embedded deep inside the Sun; this could help explain long-standing discrepancies between solar models and observations, including the Sun’s lithium depletion.
Light from the Sun reaches Earth in about eight minutes, but the energy that becomes sunlight spends roughly 170,000 years diffusing through the Sun’s dense interior via countless absorptions and re-emissions. The 500,000-year figure is not supported by peer‑reviewed sources. After escaping the photosphere, photons traverse space to Earth in about eight minutes.
Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach Earth, but the energy moves outward from the Sun’s core via a random-walk diffusion process. A 1992 study showed the journey is much longer than straight-line travel, and a density‑varying model revealed the photon step length is under 0.1 cm for most of the Sun’s interior, pushing the diffusion time from tens of thousands of years to roughly 170,000 years before the photons reach the surface and head to Earth.
Eight minutes after leaving the Sun’s surface, sunlight reaches Earth, but the energy inside each photon spent 10,000–170,000 years zigzagging through the Sun’s dense core via countless absorption-and-reemission events; neutrinos escape in about two seconds, revealing the core’s workings, while the outer radiative and convective zones, and the photosphere, shape the final journey of energy to us.
Scientists have discovered that long-period high-latitude oscillations in the sun's convection zone play a crucial role in controlling the sun's differential rotation. These oscillations, observed through helioseismology, carry heat from the solar poles to the equator, limiting the temperature difference between the two to less than seven degrees. This small temperature difference influences the sun's global dynamics and is an important feedback mechanism. The study, published in Science Advances, sheds light on the physics of these oscillations and their role in the sun's workings, providing valuable insights for future research.