National Academies Overhaul 'On Being a Scientist' to Address Funding Shifts and AI Ethics
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) released a new edition of 'On Being a Scientist' (OBAS) in 2026, the first major update since 2009. This digital, modular guide replaces the traditional print format to address a disrupted research landscape characterized by declining federal funding, rising private sector influence, and rapid technological changes. The update expands the definition of responsible conduct beyond individual integrity to include institutional responsibilities, power dynamics, and the societal consequences of research. It specifically addresses the impact of generative AI on publication processes, the rise of predatory publishing, and the need for clear reporting pathways for harassment. The new edition aims to help early-career researchers navigate uncertain resources, shifting priorities, and the expectation to demonstrate the value of their work in a competitive environment.
Key points
- NASEM released the new edition of 'On Being a Scientist' in 2026, updating the 2009 version to reflect current disruptions in the scientific enterprise.
- Federal research funding has declined in inflation-adjusted terms and as a share of government spending since 2009, with private and philanthropic spending now exceeding federal contributions.
- The new guide emphasizes that responsible conduct includes how scientists treat colleagues, manage power imbalances, and consider the downstream consequences of their work, not just research integrity.
- Generative AI is increasingly involved in writing, reviewing, and editing scientific publications, requiring new ethical guidelines for credit allocation and impact measurement.
- The format has shifted from a static print book to an interactive, modular online resource that allows for frequent updates and includes case studies for complex ethical decisions.
- Early-career researchers face increased pressure due to unionization efforts, demands for better working conditions, and the need to navigate a landscape with uncertain resources and rapid technological changes.
Background
This update follows a period of significant change in the scientific landscape, including the rise of AI co-scientists that accelerate discovery but require human oversight, as noted in recent coverage. It also aligns with broader trends in scientific policy, such as the push to treat aging as a disease and the regulation of longevity clinics, which reflect the increasing intersection of science, society, and regulation. The new OBAS edition addresses the evolving relationship between scientists and the public, particularly as public trust in science remains lower than pre-pandemic levels.
Why it matters
The new 'On Being a Scientist' guide provides a critical framework for scientists to navigate a rapidly changing environment where funding sources, technological tools, and societal expectations are shifting. By expanding the scope of responsible conduct to include institutional and societal impacts, it helps ensure that scientific progress is not only innovative but also ethical and trustworthy. This is particularly important for early-career researchers who are entering the field during a period of significant disruption and uncertainty.
What to watch
The modular, digital format of the new OBAS will allow for continuous updates as research practices and technologies evolve. Institutions and researchers are expected to adopt the new guidelines to address issues such as AI use in publications, harassment reporting, and the ethical implications of dual-use technologies. The guide may also influence how universities and research institutions structure their training and support for early-career scientists.
Want the full story? Read the original reporting
Read on Issues in Science and Technology