Moon rules in progress: Artemis Accords gain 70 signatories, governing without enforcement teeth

Seventy countries have joined the Artemis Accords to turn broad space-law principles into practical rules for lunar missions. The accords are non-binding and do not amend the 1967 Outer Space Treaty or create an enforcement body; instead, they rely on notification, coordination, and temporary safety zones, with enforcement through state responsibility and diplomacy. Resource rights remain debated, and the 70-signatory milestone signals momentum toward shared norms, though universal rules will depend on how signatories act when overlaps or conflicts occur.