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Brainstem

All articles tagged with #brainstem

Brain Rewires End-of-Sound Signals Within 24 Hours of Noise Exposure
science24 days ago

Brain Rewires End-of-Sound Signals Within 24 Hours of Noise Exposure

Researchers show that after damaging noise exposure, the brainstem’s superior paraolivary nucleus rapidly re-tunes within 24 hours to restore precise sound-offset signals, compensating for reduced hearing by increasing neuronal excitability and strengthening inhibitory inputs. This fast, circuit-specific adaptation preserves the timing of sound endings even as overall sensitivity declines, highlighting the brain’s resilience and offering potential directions for therapies addressing noise-related hearing loss.

via Neuroscience News|
#brainstem#hearing#neural-plasticity
Breathing-Linked Brain Region Implicated in Hypertension, Offering New Treatment Avenues
science2 months ago

Breathing-Linked Brain Region Implicated in Hypertension, Offering New Treatment Avenues

Researchers have identified a brainstem area called the lateral parafacial region that links breathing to nerves that constrict blood vessels, driving high blood pressure when activated. Inhibiting this region normalizes blood pressure, and signals triggering it originate in part from neck carotid bodies, suggesting a treatment approach that targets these sensors rather than the brain itself. The findings, published in Circulation Research, could lead to new therapies for hypertension and possibly sleep apnea.

via SciTechDaily|
#brainstem#breathing#carotid-bodies
Zebrafish Brainstem Reveals Neural Pathways for Gaze and Memory
neuroscience1 year ago

Zebrafish Brainstem Reveals Neural Pathways for Gaze and Memory

Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine used zebrafish larvae to study how brainstem neurons guide gaze and maintain short-term memory. By mapping neuronal circuits, they developed a computational model that accurately predicted network activity, offering insights into visual-motor systems and potential treatments for eye movement disorders. The study highlights the zebrafish's simple neural anatomy as a valuable model for understanding complex brain functions.

via Neuroscience News|
#brainstem#eye-movement#neural-circuits
"Concussion Research Sheds Light on Long Covid"
health1 year ago

"Concussion Research Sheds Light on Long Covid"

Researchers are exploring the similarities between Long Covid and post-concussion syndrome, noting shared symptoms like fatigue and cognitive issues. They believe that understanding these parallels could lead to new diagnostic and treatment methods, potentially involving advanced imaging technologies and psychedelic drugs. This approach may also provide insights into related conditions like Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

via BBC.com|
#brainstem#chronic-fatigue-syndrome#concussion
"Deadly Brainstem Attack: Iatrogenic Fusarium Solani Meningitis"
health2 years ago

"Deadly Brainstem Attack: Iatrogenic Fusarium Solani Meningitis"

Researchers found that the fungus Fusarium solani aggressively attacked the brainstem of patients who developed fungal meningitis after undergoing cosmetic procedures in Mexico. The contaminated epidural anesthesia introduced the fungus into the patients’ cerebrospinal fluid, leading to strokes, brain hemorrhages, and increased brain pressure. Early treatment is crucial, but many patients were not evaluated promptly. The outbreak was likely caused by contaminated morphine in the epidural solution, and experts warn of potential future fungal outbreaks. Patients considering medical tourism should consult healthcare providers, research facilities, and purchase travel insurance.

via NBC News|
#brainstem#epidural-contamination#fungal-meningitis
Amygdala's Involvement in Seizure-Related Breathing Failure Revealed
neuroscience2 years ago

Amygdala's Involvement in Seizure-Related Breathing Failure Revealed

Researchers have identified a potential brain mechanism associated with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). By studying individuals with uncontrollable epilepsy, they found a correlation between the amygdala, a brain region involved in emotion processing, and postictal apnea, a dangerous pause in breathing after a seizure. Seizures originating in specific amygdala subregions may suppress breathing and the alarm signal of "air hunger," potentially through novel connections to the brainstem. These findings provide insights into SUDEP and open avenues for further research, preventive measures, and targeted treatments.

via Neuroscience News|
#amygdala#brainstem#breathing
"The Brain's Pause Button: How It Temporarily Paralyzes Your Body"
neuroscience2 years ago

"The Brain's Pause Button: How It Temporarily Paralyzes Your Body"

Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have identified a group of cells in the brainstem called the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) that are responsible for a "freeze frame" effect, where the body enters a state of suspended animation. This discovery could help understand the progression of symptoms in neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's disease and potentially lead to better therapies. The PPN's malfunctioning may be linked to the slowed or arrested movements seen in individuals with Parkinson's.

via ScienceAlert|
#brainstem#freeze-frame#motor-arrest