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Cgas

All articles tagged with #cgas

science18 days ago•13 min saved

Four mutations in naked mole-rat cGAS unlock enhanced DNA repair and longevity

Scientists traced naked mole-rats’ exceptional lifespan to four amino acid changes in their version of the DNA-sensing protein cGAS. These substitutions prolong cGAS, shifting its interaction from suppressing to promoting homologous recombination with key repair proteins, leading to more efficient DNA repair and reduced aging-related damage. Experiments removing cGAS increased DNA damage in mole-rat cells, while introducing the four substitutions into fruit flies extended their lifespans, suggesting potential human longevity avenues—but the mole-rat’s longevity likely relies on multiple mechanisms, and translating this to humans remains uncertain and distant.

via Space Daily|

#aging #cgas #dna-repair

biology1 month ago•7 min saved

Immune Alarm Drives Rapid Aging: Blocking cGAS Reverses Tissue Damage

Researchers have linked an overactive immune sensor called cGAS to tissue degeneration in severe DNA repair disorders (like Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Bloom syndrome). Damaged DNA in cells can trigger cGAS, causing chronic inflammation that drives decline; reducing cGAS activity in a rapid-aging vertebrate model improved neuroinflammation, tissue function, and reproductive capacity. The work suggests aging-related decline may hinge as much on the body's inflammatory response as on unrepaired DNA damage, offering a potential new therapeutic angle with caution to preserve antiviral defense.

via SciTechDaily|

#aging #biology #cgas

health-and-science2 years ago•2 min saved

"Discovery of Immune System 'Switch' Prevents Attack on Healthy Cells"

Scientists have identified a "switch" that deactivates a sensor of foreign DNA, preventing the immune system from attacking healthy cells. This switch, a protein complex named CRL5–SPSB3, marks the enzyme cGAS for disposal when no immune response is required, providing insight into immune system regulation. Understanding this process could lead to potential therapeutic developments for autoimmune disorders, as it sheds light on how the immune system controls malfunction in conditions like type 1 diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease.

via ScienceAlert|

#autoimmune-disorders #cgas #health-and-science

medical-research2 years ago•84 min saved

"Collaborative DNA Repair System Unlocks Potential Breast Cancer Prevention"

A study investigates how tumors adapt to tolerate DNA damage caused by replication stress through alterations in DNA damage response (DDR) genes. The findings suggest that MRE11, a DNA repair protein, plays a crucial role in suppressing breast tumorigenesis driven by MYC overexpression and p53 deficiency by promoting cGAS activation and initiating downstream innate immune responses. MRE11 was found to stimulate cGAS activation by antagonizing nucleosome sequestration, leading to the suppression of tumor growth and increased proliferation despite heightened genome instability. This study provides insights into the mechanisms involved in transducing DNA damage signals to activate cGAS and initiate innate immune responses during tumorigenesis.

via Nature.com|

#breast-cancer #cgas #dna-damage