Energy shocks drive decarbonization, but China’s clean-tech grip complicates plans
As energy costs rise from the Iran conflict, Western allies push faster electrification and renewables to shield economies, but fear swapping one dependency for another as China dominates clean-tech supply chains and critical minerals. Countries weigh domestic production and foreign investment limits against rapid decarbonization, leading to a patchwork of strategies—strengthening energy security while navigating Beijing’s dominance and global markets.













