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Binary Star

All articles tagged with #binary star

Betelgeuse’s Hidden Binary Holds Clues to Its Inevitable Supernova
science10 days ago

Betelgeuse’s Hidden Binary Holds Clues to Its Inevitable Supernova

Betelgeuse, the bright red supergiant in Orion, will someday explode as a supernova but likely not for about 100,000 years. New observations strengthen the case that Betelgeuse has a binary companion (Betelgeuse B) hidden in its glare, which could influence its evolution. When it finally collapses, the explosion will unleash an enormous energy burst—mostly in the form of neutrinos—and could heat and strip some mass from the companion, though both stars would largely survive. Earth’s distance would likely keep the event from being catastrophic, but many details about the system and timing remain uncertain.

astronomy25 days ago

Betelgeuse's Hidden Partner Emerges in Sharp New Image

Astronomers using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope with the SPHERE instrument released the clearest image yet of Betelgeuse B, a possible companion star, suggesting Betelgeuse is a binary system. Betelgeuse B is estimated to have 2–3 times the Sun’s mass. Follow‑up observations over a full orbit are needed to confirm the companion's path and to assess any influence on Betelgeuse’s future supernova.

Betelgeuse's Hidden Companion Seen in Sharp New Image
space28 days ago

Betelgeuse's Hidden Companion Seen in Sharp New Image

Astronomers using the Very Large Telescope’s SPHERE instrument in Chile captured the strongest direct evidence yet that Betelgeuse has a faint stellar companion, Betelgeuse B, making Betelgeuse a binary system. The image suggests Betelgeuse B is about two to three times the Sun’s mass—more massive (and brighter) than earlier predictions—though researchers will need to observe Betelgeuse B again in about a year to confirm it's gravitationally bound and to understand how its presence could influence Betelgeuse A’s future evolution.

Rare double-supernova binary reveals history of two massive stars
science1 month ago

Rare double-supernova binary reveals history of two massive stars

Scientists report evidence that two massive stars in a binary system both exploded as supernovas, creating the Jellyfish Nebula (IC 443) and a nearby nebula (G189.6+3.3). Based on more than a decade of NASA’s Fermi observations, the progenitors were roughly 15–25 and at least 20 solar masses; their explosions occurred tens of thousands of years apart, and the remnants are likely neutron stars. This rare system provides direct clues to how massive binaries evolve and end their lives.

Milky Way Helium Nova Unleashes Cosmic Bullets at 20 Million mph
space1 month ago

Milky Way Helium Nova Unleashes Cosmic Bullets at 20 Million mph

Using Hubble, plus NASA’s TESS and ground-based telescopes, astronomers confirmed that the Milky Way’s only known helium nova, V445 Puppis, blasts out fast, oxygen-rich clumps—‘bullets’—traveling about 20 million mph. The system comprises a white dwarf accreting helium from a companion helium-star, a rare binary that sheds light on hydrogen-poor stellar explosions and their potential links to Type Ia supernovae; debris clearing over two decades allowed a clearer view of the eruption and hints that another nova could occur.

Ancient Brightness of Theta Eridani Explained by Binary Interaction
science1 month ago

Ancient Brightness of Theta Eridani Explained by Binary Interaction

A new study explains why Theta Eridani appeared among the sky’s brightest stars in ancient times: it was in a millennial transient phase where its primary star in a tight inner binary (Theta Aa+Ab) transferred mass during a long-lived common-envelope stage, releasing orbital energy and boosting brightness from about V=0.2 to V=2.9 for roughly 1,000–2,000 years. Now the system has settled into a less eccentric configuration. This suggests such transient brightening could be a common, short-lived phase in close binaries.

Astronomers Link Repeating Radio Bursts to a Close White Dwarf–Red Dwarf Binary
science2 months ago

Astronomers Link Repeating Radio Bursts to a Close White Dwarf–Red Dwarf Binary

Using ASKAP, researchers pinpointed the source of long-period radio transients to a tight magnetic white dwarf–red dwarf binary (ASKAP J1745-5051). The ~1.368-hour orbital period matches the ~1.345-hour radio repetition, while X-ray data show a ~1.32-hour cycle; radio bursts are elliptically polarized and linked to magnetic accretion regions, distinct from the X-ray emitting zone—making this system a key reference for understanding LPTs.

T Coronae Borealis: The Naked-Eye Nova Could Happen Any Moment
science2 months ago

T Coronae Borealis: The Naked-Eye Nova Could Happen Any Moment

Astronomers say the 3,000-light-year binary system T Coronae Borealis could erupt as a nova soon. The red giant–white dwarf pair accretes gas until a thermonuclear runaway brightens the system to naked-eye visibility for about two days; predictions for 2024 missed the mark due to uncertainties in the accretion rate, but the eruption is considered imminent by some researchers. The last outburst was in 1946, and observers continue to monitor the system for a potential event in the coming months to years.

Two Stars, One Dazzling Death: New View of the Crystal Ball Nebula
science-space2 months ago

Two Stars, One Dazzling Death: New View of the Crystal Ball Nebula

A new image of the Crystal Ball Nebula (NGC 1514) taken with Hawaii’s Gemini North telescope shows a dying star in a binary system about 1,500 light-years away; as the primary star sheds its outer layers, its orbiting companion stirs the expanding gas into intricate, cloudlike shapes, with colors tracing hot hydrogen and oxygen. Captured by the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph atop Maunakea, the view highlights how planetary nebulae form and evolve on short astronomical timescales, roughly 10,000 years, while astronomers monitor changes over years to learn how mass is lost and shells expand.

Stellar Rosetta Stone: Accreting White Dwarf Drives Repeating Radio Bursts
space2 months ago

Stellar Rosetta Stone: Accreting White Dwarf Drives Repeating Radio Bursts

An international team using the ASKAP telescope identified ASKAP J1745−5051, a tight white-dwarf–red-dwarf binary that accretes material and emits X‑rays and regular radio bursts every 1.4 hours, pinpointing the source of long-period radio transients and making this system a Rosetta Stone for deciphering these signals and testing extreme physics; future multiwavelength studies are planned.

White Dwarf Binary Powers 1.4-Hour Radio Bursts, Solving a Long‑Standing Mystery
space2 months ago

White Dwarf Binary Powers 1.4-Hour Radio Bursts, Solving a Long‑Standing Mystery

Australian researchers using the ASKAP radio telescope have identified a white dwarf in a close binary with a red dwarf as the source of long-period radio transients. The 1.4-hour orbital cycle causes the stars’ magnetic fields to clash, producing radio bursts via synchrotron radiation, while matter accreting onto the white dwarf emits X-rays. This finding helps distinguish origins of long-period transients and could serve as a Rosetta Stone for interpreting these signals.