
Timing Hormone Therapy in Midlife May Cut Dementia Risk
New UK Biobank research on over 183,000 postmenopausal women followed for about 13 years shows starting hormone replacement therapy during midlife (roughly 46–56 years old) is linked to a lower dementia risk, with about a 10% reduction in all dementia and a 16% reduction in Alzheimer’s disease. Benefits were greatest for those who began between 46–50 (13% reduction) and 51–56 (23% reduction), and stronger effects were seen after surgical menopause. Women with naturally lower lifetime estrogen exposure still showed a 16% reduced dementia risk after HRT. The study supports a “window of opportunity” for personalized brain health strategies, though effects vary among individuals and APOE4 carriers saw about a 13% reduction.









