tldrdailynews.com logo
Tag

Precision Medicine

All articles tagged with #precision medicine

Genes influence GLP-1 weight-loss drug responses and side effects
health1 day ago

Genes influence GLP-1 weight-loss drug responses and side effects

Genetic differences, including a GLP1R variant and a GIPR variant, modestly affect how much weight people lose and their risk of nausea on GLP-1 obesity drugs; the weight-loss difference is small—about 1.7 lb more at eight months for one copy and ~3.3 lb for two copies. A GIPR variant was linked to higher nausea with tirzepatide. Separately, higher GLP-1 doses may confer cardiovascular benefits that seem independent of weight loss, suggesting dosing could optimize heart outcomes; tissue data indicate potential direct cardiac effects, warranting further study.

via Reuters|
#genetics#glp-1#health
DNA Clues Shed Light on Why GLP-1 Weight-Loss Varies
health1 day ago

DNA Clues Shed Light on Why GLP-1 Weight-Loss Varies

A large 23andMe GWAS of 27,885 GLP-1 med users links variants in GLP1R and GIPR to both weight-loss efficacy and nausea risk. A GLP1R missense variant (rs10305420) is associated with about 0.76 kg more weight loss per allele, while GIPR variants predict nausea specifically for tirzepatide (Zepbound/Mounjaro) but not semaglutide. 23andMe’s Total Health service now offers an interactive tool to estimate individual weight loss (roughly 6–20% of starting weight) and side-effect risk, moving toward precision obesity care where genetics is one piece of the puzzle though not the sole determinant.

via Neuroscience News|
#genetics#glp-1#health
Zebrafish Drug Screen Targets Autism Genes, Spotlighting Levocarnitine
science2 days ago

Zebrafish Drug Screen Targets Autism Genes, Spotlighting Levocarnitine

Yale researchers used larval zebrafish to map how 774 FDA-approved drugs affect behaviors tied to autism-risk genes, building an open database of 520 compounds and identifying levocarnitine as a top rescuer for SCN2A and DYRK1A mutations; they validated the effect in human stem-cell–derived neurons, laying groundwork for precision, gene-targeted drug discovery in autism.

via Neuroscience News|
#autism#drug-repurposing#levocarnitine
Two Gene Variants Linked to Different Weight-Loss Responses on Obesity Drugs
health2 days ago

Two Gene Variants Linked to Different Weight-Loss Responses on Obesity Drugs

A Nature study of about 15,000 people using obesity drugs (Wegovy and Mounjaro) finds that certain genetic variants influence weight loss. One variant, especially in two copies, is associated with more weight loss; another variant may raise the risk of nausea. On average, participants lost 11.7% of body weight over eight months, with some achieving as much as 30%. Differences by sex, age, and ancestry, plus drug type, dose, duration and lifestyle, also shape outcomes. While promising for tailoring treatment, these findings are early and not yet practice-changing; further trials are needed to guide precision medicine in obesity care.

via BBC|
#genetics#health#obesity
Two Brain Subtypes in ADHD Hint at Personalized Treatments
neuroscience1 month ago

Two Brain Subtypes in ADHD Hint at Personalized Treatments

A study using structural MRI and machine learning identifies two distinct physical subtypes of ADHD. Subtype 1 shows increased gray matter in the frontal regions and cerebellum, linked to severe inattention; Subtype 2 shows widespread gray matter reductions in the cerebellum, frontal regions, and hippocampus, tied to higher overall severity and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. Through a pseudo-time-series analysis and causal-network mapping, researchers reveal subtype-specific brain–behavior progression patterns, suggesting potential for personalized diagnosis and treatment, though longitudinal studies are needed to confirm progression and acknowledge cross-sectional design limitations.

via PsyPost|
#adhd#brain-subtypes#gray-matter
Colorado man first in state to receive pioneering pancreatic cancer drug
health1 month ago

Colorado man first in state to receive pioneering pancreatic cancer drug

A Lafayette father with stage 4 pancreatic cancer is the first patient in Colorado to receive Zenocutuzumab, a newly FDA-approved targeted therapy that targets the tumor's NRG1 gene fusion after chemotherapy stopped working; since starting the drug, he has shown a dramatic response and improved quality of life, illustrating a broader shift toward precision medicine in pancreatic cancer that could extend survival for some patients.

via 9News|
#health#nrg1-gene-fusion#pancreatic-cancer
NHS launches national cancer-gene register to flag inherited risk and speed up screening
health2 months ago

NHS launches national cancer-gene register to flag inherited risk and speed up screening

A new NHS National Inherited Cancer Predisposition Register will compile data from about 120 cancer-related genes to identify individuals and families at higher cancer risk, enabling earlier screening, tailored prevention and treatment options, and faster detection as part of a 10-year plan—with strict confidentiality and integration of existing genetic tests into a single, centralized resource.

via BBC|
#cancer#genetics#health
Blood test flags effective breast cancer therapies before treatment starts
health2 months ago

Blood test flags effective breast cancer therapies before treatment starts

A London study shows a simple liquid biopsy measuring circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in advanced breast cancer can predict treatment response before starting therapy and after one cycle. In 167 patients, lower ctDNA levels were associated with better outcomes, suggesting this test could guide personalized treatment and spare ineffective drugs, with trials exploring adaptive strategies and newer therapies.

via The Guardian|
#breast-cancer#circulating-tumour-dna#ctdna
GluFormer: A universal model for decoding glucose patterns across diverse populations
technology2 months ago

GluFormer: A universal model for decoding glucose patterns across diverse populations

Researchers introduce GluFormer, a self-supervised, autoregressive foundation model trained on over 10 million CGM measurements to learn transferable glucose representations across 19 external cohorts spanning 5 countries and multiple devices. The learned representations improve forecasting of glycemic metrics, stratify prediabetes progression better than baseline HbA1c, and identify higher long-term diabetes and cardiovascular mortality risk than HbA1c in follow-up data. A multimodal extension incorporating dietary data can simulate plausible glucose trajectories and predict individual glycemic responses to food, suggesting GluFormer as a generalizable tool to advance precision metabolic health.

via Nature|
#continuous-glucose-monitoring#foundation-model#glucose-monitoring