Tag

Monoclonal Antibodies

All articles tagged with #monoclonal antibodies

health21 days ago•11 min saved

Half-Century Bet on a Fentanyl Vaccine Enters Human Trials

Decades after the idea was first pitched, researchers are testing a fentanyl‑targeting vaccine (Fentanyl Armour) in humans while other teams pursue multivalent vaccines and monoclonal antibodies. Early data show the vaccine is safe and elicits anti‑fentanyl antibodies, but whether enough people develop protective antibody levels and how long protection lasts remain unknown amid funding and political hurdles. The work aims to block fentanyl in the bloodstream before it reaches the brain, offering an overdose‑prevention strategy rather than a cure for addiction.

via Medscape|

#fentanyl #health #monoclonal-antibodies

virology23 days ago•77 min saved

RSV F mutation map links antibody escape to subtype differences and real-time surveillance

Researchers combine a biophysical model of IgG/Bivalent binding with deep-mutational scanning of RSV F to quantify how virtually every single amino-acid mutation affects viral entry and neutralization by nirsevimab, clesrovimab, and other antibodies. They show that bivalent IgG buffering reduces the impact of mutations when Fab affinity is high, explaining why nirsevimab escape is more common in RSV-B than RSV-A, and validate many mutations across subtypes with pseudoviruses. The team then builds a real-time surveillance framework (escape scores integrated into Nextstrain/Pathoplexus) to monitor natural RSV sequences for resistance, finding resistant strains to be rare but present. They also profile historical/candidate antibodies (e.g., suptavumab, RSM01, 1A2, 1B6, palivizumab) and discuss implications for designing antibody therapies resilient to viral escape and for ongoing public-health surveillance.

via Nature|

#antibody-escape #deep-mutational-scanning #monoclonal-antibodies

health2 months ago•9 min saved

Measles Outbreaks Drive Race for New Treatments

As US measles cases rise to multidecade highs amid falling vaccination rates, researchers are developing monoclonal antibody therapies and antiviral drugs to treat infections and protect vulnerable populations. While these treatments could offer short-term protection and aid outbreak control, challenges include manufacturing at scale, costly clinical trials, regulatory hurdles, and whether people will accept non-vaccine interventions, meaning real-world availability could still be years away.

via WIRED|

#antivirals #health #measles

health5 months ago•6 min saved

Blocking GPNMB Could Slow Parkinson's Progression

Researchers identify the brain protein GPNMB, largely produced by microglia, as a driver of alpha-synuclein spread in Parkinson's disease. Monoclonal antibodies that block GPNMB halted this spread in neuronal models, and analysis of 1,675 brains linked higher GPNMB levels to more extensive pathology, suggesting a potential disease-modifying therapy—though human trials have not yet begun.

via Neuroscience News|

#alpha-synuclein #gpnmb #health

science5 months ago•6 min saved

Lab-made antibodies offer potential post-exposure measles therapy

Scientists isolated four potent monoclonal antibodies from a vaccinated donor’s blood that block measles by targeting the virus’s H and F proteins. In rodent tests, these antibodies reduced lung virus after exposure, suggesting potential post-exposure or preventive use, though they are not a substitute for vaccination and delivery challenges remain. Further testing is needed before any human therapy.

via The Washington Post|

#antibodies #measles #monoclonal-antibodies

health5 months ago•3 min saved

Cochrane review questions real-world benefits of anti-amyloid Alzheimer's drugs

A new Cochrane analysis of 17 trials (over 20,000 participants) finds amyloid-beta–targeting monoclonal antibodies, including Leqembi and Kisunla, likely confer little to no meaningful cognitive or functional benefit in mild cognitive impairment or mild Alzheimer's, while modestly increasing the risk of ARIA-E (brain swelling); despite some trial-specific benefits for individual drugs, the overall class effect is in doubt, prompting calls to pursue other disease mechanisms.

via Fierce Pharma|

#alzheimers #anti-amyloid #aria

health-and-medicine5 months ago•7 min saved

Antibody therapy blocks Epstein-Barr virus, paving way for transplant-preventive treatment

Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center developed human-like monoclonal antibodies in a mouse model that block EBV from attaching to and entering B cells, with one gp42-targeting antibody fully preventing infection in humanized mice; the approach could become a preventive therapy to reduce EBV-related disease, including PTLD, in transplant patients, given that EBV infects about 95% of people worldwide. Next steps include safety testing and clinical trials.

via ScienceDaily|

#epstein-barr-virus #gp350 #gp42

science7 months ago•8 min saved

Antibody Strategy Targets Epstein-Barr Virus to Shield Transplant Patients

Fred Hutch researchers produced fully human monoclonal antibodies against EBV by targeting its gp350 and gp42 proteins. In humanized mice, one antibody completely prevented EBV infection and another offered partial protection, outlining a pathway to prevent EBV reactivation and PTLD in transplant patients. The team aims to advance safety testing in healthy volunteers followed by trials in immunocompromised individuals, with IP protection filed for the antibodies.

via SciTechDaily|

#epstein-barr-virus #gp350 #gp42

health-policy7 months ago•2 min saved

FDA chief vows tighter safety review of antidepressants in pregnancy and RSV protections for infants

In her first staff address, FDA’s top drug regulator Tracy Beth Høeg pledges tougher safety monitoring of antidepressants used in pregnancy and RSV monoclonal antibodies for infants, signaling a broader push to reexamine oversight and encouraging staff to question norms.

via statnews.com|

#antidepressants #fda #health-policy

health-policy9 months ago•5 min saved

RSV vaccines prove effective as US tightens access restrictions

New data reinforce that RSV vaccines dramatically reduce hospitalizations, with pregnancy-based protection around 70% and newborn monoclonal antibodies about 81%, and four JAMA studies confirm declines. Despite this, the administration’s restrictions to high‑risk infants could raise RSV hospitalizations and complicate vaccine logistics in a fragmented US system. Safety reviews are underway after trial deaths, though officials say there’s no proven vaccine link, and many countries rely on universal prenatal vaccination.

via The Guardian|

#fda #health-policy #hospitalization

health1 year ago•20 min saved

Deliberate Malaria Infection: A Controversial Choice

A volunteer participated in a malaria challenge trial at the University of Maryland to test MAM-01, a monoclonal antibody drug aimed at preventing malaria. The trial involved being bitten by malaria-infected mosquitoes to assess the drug's efficacy. Despite contracting mild malaria, the experience highlighted the potential of human challenge trials to expedite vaccine development for diseases like malaria, TB, and hepatitis C, especially in resource-limited settings. These trials offer a cost-effective way to evaluate vaccine candidates, though they require ethical considerations and informed consent.

via Vox.com|

#clinical-trials #health #malaria

health2 years ago•3 min saved

"Identifying Vulnerabilities: NIH Scientists Uncover Weaknesses in Epstein-Barr Virus"

Scientists at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) have identified potential targets for designing treatments and vaccines for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a common virus that can lead to various cancers and other health issues. Their research focused on a viral protein called gp42, and they discovered two monoclonal antibodies that interact with distinct sites on gp42, showing promise in preventing EBV infection and related diseases in mice. The findings could lead to the development of antibody-based treatments and vaccines for EBV, benefiting individuals at risk of severe or fatal EBV disease.

via National Institutes of Health (NIH) (.gov)|

#epstein-barr-virus #health #infectious-diseases

health2 years ago•3 min saved

"Latest CDC Guidelines for RSV Immunization and Prevention"

The CDC has updated its recommended vaccination schedule for infants to include an RSV vaccine for pregnant women and a monoclonal antibody injection for babies to protect against respiratory syncytial virus. These treatments aim to protect infants during their most vulnerable period in the first six months after birth when they are at the highest risk for severe respiratory symptoms. The RSV vaccine is recommended for pregnant women to transfer antibodies to the baby before birth, while the monoclonal antibody injection provides direct protection for babies born during RSV season. The update addresses the critical need to minimize the risk of severe RSV disease and hospitalization in infants, with efforts being made to address supply chain issues for the monoclonal antibody treatment.

via TribLIVE|

#cdc #health #infants

health-medicine2 years ago•5 min saved

"Uncovering the Impact: Promising Advances and Bold Predictions for Long COVID"

Researchers are hopeful for progress in treating long COVID in 2024, with predictions including a better understanding of different long COVID phenotypes, the potential use of monoclonal antibodies to target viral persistence, the effectiveness of Paxlovid for long COVID treatment, the use of anti-inflammatories like metformin, and the potential role of serotonin levels and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in alleviating long COVID symptoms.

via Medscape|

#health-medicine #long-covid #monoclonal-antibodies

health2 years ago•2 min saved

RSV Prevention: A Must for All Ages

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that can be serious, especially for infants and the elderly, often requiring hospitalization. The upcoming RSV season will be closely monitored following the rollout of RSV vaccines and monoclonal antibody administration. New advances in RSV prevention include the approval of RSV vaccines for individuals aged 60 and older, as well as a maternal RSV vaccine for pregnant women to protect their infants. These developments aim to reduce RSV hospitalization rates and provide long-term protection against reinfection. Prevention through vaccination and antibody administration is crucial in keeping the infant and older adult populations RSV-free.

via Pharmacy Times|

#health #monoclonal-antibodies #prevention