
JAXA and NASA Launch Mission to Return Phobos Samples to Earth
The Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission, led by Japan’s JAXA with key contributions from NASA, is scheduled to launch on October 19, 2026, from Tanegashima Space Center. The spacecraft aims to orbit Mars, land on the moon Phobos, and return a sample to Earth by 2031. This mission seeks to determine the origin of Mars’ moons, which are believed to be either captured asteroids or debris from a giant impact. NASA provided the MEGANE spectrometer and Deep Space Network support, while ESA, CNES, and DLR also contributed to the international effort.













