Tag

Neuroimaging

All articles tagged with #neuroimaging

adhd-research-news3 days ago•30 min saved

Brain maturation patterns forecast ADHD symptom trajectories in teens

A large longitudinal study using ABCD data shows ADHD symptom paths in adolescence—persistent, remitting, emergent, and control—map to distinct brain development signs. Persistent symptoms link to faster cortical thinning in frontal areas; emergent symptoms to slower thinning in the right posterior cingulate; remitting symptoms to faster left hippocampal growth. A machine-learning model with baseline brain data predicted symptom severity three years later and was replicated in European adult samples. Medication did not reliably predict remission; findings point to brain-based biomarkers and non-pharmacological interventions like aerobic exercise, while acknowledging observational limitations.

via PsyPost|

#adhd #adhd-research-news #adolescence

science4 days ago•44 min saved

ADHD brain maturation claim debunked as data mirage, new study finds

A new analysis challenges the long-standing claim that brains of children with ADHD mature more slowly than those of their peers. By reexamining the data with more robust methods, researchers conclude that the landmark finding was likely a mirage caused by artifacts or biases in the data, suggesting ADHD brain maturation may proceed on a timeline similar to neurotypical development.

via Yahoo|

#adhd #brain-development #data-bias

cognitive-science12 days ago•31 min saved

Time Perception Unfolds Across a Three-Stage Cortical Pathway

A seven-Tesla fMRI study shows that time perception is not a single clock but a three-stage cortical process: early visual areas encode physical durations, parietal and premotor regions map durations across a topographic layout, and frontal regions translate this into a subjective boundary, revealing a distributed, hierarchical network for how the brain experiences the passage of time.

via PsyPost|

#brain #cognitive-science #cortex

science21 days ago•5 min saved

One Psilocybin Dose Triggers Lasting Brain Changes and Mood Boost

A study of 28 psilocybin-naive adults finds a single 25 mg dose can reconfigure brain activity and boost psychological well-being for up to a month. Researchers tracked brain changes with EEG, DTI, and fMRI, and found that higher brain entropy during the trip, along with greater psychological insights the next day, correlated with longer-term wellbeing improvements. The trial included a placebo session (1 mg) before the full dose, and participants could often tell which session contained the drug, which modestly limits the findings. The results help explain how psychedelic experiences may contribute to therapy, though some scientists caution that brain entropy is not a definitive biomarker and call for more sensitive measures.

via ScienceAlert|

#brain-entropy #mental-health #neuroimaging

science21 days ago•6 min saved

Tiny psilocybin study links intense trips to brain wiring changes

A small 28-participant study finds that after a 25 mg psilocybin dose, diffusion tensor imaging shows changes in water diffusion along neural fibers—especially in tracts linking the prefrontal cortex with other brain regions—with stronger trips associated with larger changes; about 70% of participants reported improved well-being 2–4 weeks later, suggesting psychedelic-induced brain plasticity, though results are exploratory and require replication in larger trials.

via NBC News|

#brain-plasticity #diffusion-tensor-imaging #neuroimaging

neuroscience24 days ago•31 min saved

Psychopathy linked to expanded cortical surface in 800 incarcerated men

A study of 804 incarcerated men finds that higher psychopathy scores are linked to an expanded cortical surface area and a compressed cortical gradient, with distinct relations between empathy types and psychopathic traits and region-specific changes in social-emotional brain regions; the authors note limitations from self-report empathy measures and the male-inmate sample, recommending broader replication and exploration of underlying cellular mechanisms.

via PsyPost|

#brain-gradients #cortical-surface-area #empathy

neuroimaging1 month ago•29 min saved

Breath timing reshapes how we read faces

Deliberately slowing or pacing breathing alters how accurately people recognize emotions in faces: slow exhale reduces accuracy while slow inhale can enhance perceptual sensitivity. MEG data suggest the breathing rhythm can desynchronize brain waves from respiration, changing communication between networks that interpret fearful versus neutral expressions. The study used paced breathing with 31 participants and blended facial images, and notes caveats like fixed breathing rates and other physiological factors. Published in European Journal of Neuroscience by Shen-Mou Hsu and Chih-Hsin Tseng.

via PsyPost|

#brain-waves #breathing #facial-expression

science1 month ago•27 min saved

Lifelong light drinking and aging jointly linked to lower brain blood flow and thinner cortex

A study published in Alcohol finds that even low-level alcohol use over a lifetime, especially as people age, is associated with reduced cerebral blood flow and thinner cortex in multiple brain regions. An MRI analysis of 45 healthy adults (with 27 undergoing perfusion scans) showed that greater lifetime drinking and older age together correlated with lower blood flow across the cortex and thinner cortical tissue, notably in the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes. The researchers suggest oxidative stress could contribute to these changes, but caution that small sample size, limited female representation, and unmeasured lifestyle factors limit conclusions and call for replication and evaluation of real-world functional effects like balance and dexterity before revising low-risk drinking guidelines.

via PsyPost|

#aging #alcohol #brain-perfusion

neuroscience1 month ago•6 min saved

Hidden Brain Wiring Predicts Behavior Across Multiple Networks

A Yale-led study published in Nature Human Behavior shows that the 90% of brain connections usually labeled as noise can predict behavior as accurately as the top 10%; predictive information is widely distributed across multiple, non-overlapping networks, revealing brain redundancy and functional flexibility. This challenges the idea of a single correct network, with implications for psychiatry (e.g., depression) and for biomarkers and treatments, which should target overlooked circuits to improve precision medicine.

via Neuroscience News|

#brain-connectivity #neuroimaging #neuroscience

neuroscience1 month ago•29 min saved

Smartphone Overuse Linked to Gray-Matter Reduction and Brain Connectivity Shifts

A comprehensive neuroimaging review finds problematic smartphone use is associated with structural and functional brain alterations in reward processing, executive control, and social cognition networks. Reduced gray matter in insular, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal regions, plus altered frontostriatal and frontolimbic connectivity, accompany heightened brain responses to phone cues in reward circuits. Social factors like fear of missing out modulate neural responses, suggesting smartphones reinforce habits via social feedback. The authors frame findings within the I-PACE model and stress the need for longitudinal studies, while cautioning that normal smartphone use should not be pathologized.

via PsyPost|

#cue-reactivity #neuroimaging #neuroscience

adhd-research-news1 month ago•20 min saved

Brain signatures tied to emotional outbursts in kids with ADHD, study shows

A study of 123 children found that those with ADHD plus impairing emotional outbursts have thicker left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and weaker resting-state connectivity between the DLPFC and networks involved in vision, attention, and salience, suggesting a distinct neural signature for severe emotion dysregulation in ADHD; however, causality can’t be determined from a cross‑sectional design, and short MRI scans and parental questionnaires limit interpretation.

via psypost.org|

#adhd #adhd-research-news #dlpfc

science2 months ago•6 min saved

Green Time, Brighter Minds: Nature Lowers Negative Emotions Across Real, VR, and Imagined Environments

A meta-analysis of 33 studies with 2,101 participants finds exposure to nature—outdoors, virtual reality, or imagined scenes—reduces negative emotions and supports brain health, with EEG and other neuroimaging data showing a more balanced emotional state. The researchers advocate integrating ‘Nature Rx’ into urban design to protect the population’s brain capital as urbanization rises.

via Neuroscience News|

#eeg #mental-health #nature

health2 months ago•4 min saved

When a Hair Wash Turns Into a Stroke Warning

A rare condition called beauty parlor stroke syndrome can occur when neck extension during a hair wash compresses the vertebral arteries, potentially causing a vertebral artery stroke. Risk factors include age, high cholesterol, and connective tissue disorders; symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, numbness, or sudden headache require urgent emergency evaluation with head CT and blood vessel imaging followed by MRI. Treatments range from observation to stroke therapies like clot-busting drugs or antiplatelets, and there’s a risk of recurrence—so patients are advised to avoid the triggering activity. Some salons are redesigning stations to reduce neck strain.

via MedPage Today|

#beauty-parlor-stroke-syndrome #health #neck-extension

neuroimaging2 months ago•28 min saved

Psilocybin reshapes brain rhythms and connectivity, predicting psychedelic intensity

An EEG study of 25 healthy volunteers shows psilocybin shifts the brain from a resting state to a dynamically engaged pattern by reducing slow theta/alpha power and increasing fast beta/gamma activity, with enhanced connectivity in the default mode network and parietal networks that correlates with the intensity of the psychedelic experience. Baseline fast-wave activity in frontal/emotional regions also predicted response to the drug. Using a double-blind, randomized crossover design (10–20 mg psilocybin vs placebo), researchers highlight potential biomarkers to guide psychedelic-assisted therapies, while noting limitations from the small, healthy-sample size and the need for clinical population studies and autonomic markers like heart-rate variability.

via PsyPost|

#brain-rhythms #default-mode-network #eeg

health2 months ago•5 min saved

AI on brain scans signals early Alzheimer’s risk with 93% accuracy

Researchers trained a machine-learning model on 815 MRI scans from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative to distinguish healthy brains from mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s, achieving 92.87% accuracy by measuring volume across 95 brain regions. The model highlights hippocampus, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex volume loss as strong indicators, with sex-related differences (left middle temporal cortex more affected in females; right entorhinal cortex in males). While promising for earlier detection and tailoring therapies, the study emphasizes the need for further validation and integration with other biomarkers before clinical use.

via Medical News Today|

#alzheimers-disease #artificial-intelligence #biomarkers