All articles tagged with #sciencespace
NASA's Curiosity rover marked its 5,000th Martian day by sending back two color panoramas from the Chocolatal dune area on Mount Sharp in Gale Crater, merged into a postcard-like image. Now in its 14th year on Mars, the mission continues to study past habitability, having found organic carbon and evidence of ancient liquid water, while methane in the atmosphere remains extremely low (about 1 part per billion).
The European Space Agency will press ahead with the EnVision Venus orbiter using a European radar payload after NASA signaled it cannot deliver the originally planned US‑built radar; Europe has pushed the launch to 2032 to develop its own radar, while NASA’s budget pressures drive cuts to international partnerships, prompting ESA to cover the radar role domestically and explore other collaborations.
NASA now treats its Moon-to-Mars architecture as a developing blueprint rather than a mission or flight manifest, which is why there is no official Mars landing date. Past targets from the 1980s and Europe’s 2033 Aurora plan were anchored in funding and politics, not just technology. Today, NASA narrows design options through annual reviews, while decisions on crew size, landing and ascent vehicles, power, propellant, and a return plan depend on developing and testing flight systems and on international/private partnerships.
NASA's mission to rescue the Swift Observatory is at risk after the LINK grabber, launched on a Pegasus XL, began spinning uncontrollably and has only sporadic communications. Ground teams are using electric propulsion to slow the spin and stabilize LINK so it can reattempt approaching Swift and boost its orbit, potentially by late August. A successful operation would mark the first commercial robotic capture of a government satellite and extend Swift's mission to study gamma-ray bursts for years.
Mercury’s cold polar crater floors hold water ice on permanently shadowed terrain, a conclusion supported by MESSENGER (2012) via radar-bright deposits, a hydrogen signal from neutron measurements, exposed versus buried ice seen in laser altimetry, and thermal models. Ice can be exposed in some areas and buried under a thin, dark cover in others; deposits may range from metres to tens of metres thick, and their age and origin remain topics of study, with delivery likely from comets/asteroids over hundreds of millions of years. The upcoming BepiColombo mission will map these regions in greater detail but will not land in the cold traps.
Astrophysicist Adam Becker warns that a self-sustaining Mars colony faces far more than travel challenges: toxic Martian dust would contaminate suits and habitats, and the planet lacks a thick atmosphere and magnetic shield. Add long transit times, radiation, low gravity, and huge logistical demands. Even with SpaceX’s pledge of $1 billion in shares for a 1-million-person colony, experts say the obstacles are severe and the goal would take far longer and be far harder than envisioned.
NASA's Voyager 1 is set to reach a distance of one light-day from Earth on November 18, 2026, making it the farthest human-made object as it continues its nearly 50-year journey; data still travels back to Earth with about a 23-hour delay, and the probe carries on with a small set of instruments while power wanes. Voyager 2, launched shortly before its twin, is also in interstellar space at about 21.3 billion miles from Earth, with some instruments powered down to conserve energy.
Cassini-era analyses suggest Saturn’s bright main rings may be tens to hundreds of millions of years old rather than billions, implying a relatively recent origin after much of the dinosaur era. While ring purity and mass measurements support a younger exposure age, newer studies caution that dust deposition, space weathering, and model assumptions keep the true age unsettled. Some scenarios even propose a collision or disruption of icy moons as the ring source. The rings are also losing material and evolving, so their future may include slow disappearance into Saturn, reinforcing that the exact formation time remains debated.
A Space Daily explainer shows that the 100-kilometre Kármán line is a regulatory boundary, not a physical cliff; if you drove straight up at highway speed you’d reach space in under an hour, illustrating how incredibly thin Earth's breathable air is. About 99% of the atmosphere’s mass sits in the lowest ~32 km, and by 100 km altitude the air is roughly one millionth as dense as at sea level. The atmosphere’s layered protection—troposphere for life-supporting gases and the ozone-rich stratosphere—makes surface habitability possible, underscoring how the “apple-skin” thickness of the air is truly remarkable.
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope detected methane in the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS using the MIRI instrument, marking the first direct methane fingerprint on an interstellar object; the methane-to-water ratio is unusually high and CO2 is also abundant, pointing to a different formation environment than typical solar system comets. Methane appears buried beneath the surface and released as the comet heats near the Sun, while water vapor dissociates more widely in the coma; two observations show gas production declining with distance from the Sun, with methane and CO2 concentrated near the nucleus.
NASA unveiled Artemis III's four-astronaut crew for a 2028 Moon landing: commander Randy Bresnik; mission specialists Frank Rubio and Andre Douglas; and ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano. The mission is among NASA's most complex and hinges on lunar lander work by SpaceX and Blue Origin, with new AxEMU suits in development. Notably, Artemis III will be a four-man crew, an all-male lineup amid ongoing discussions about funding and timelines.
NASA’s Landsat 9 regularly points its sensors at the Moon during the full Moon to detect and correct drift, using the Moon’s stability as a reference to keep decades of Earth observations consistent, a process that runs alongside Artemis’ return to lunar exploration.
China conducted an on-orbit study aboard the Tiangong station using artificial embryos made from human stem cells to examine early development in microgravity. The two embryo models (one simulating uterine attachment and another using a microfluidic chip to mimic tissue formation) were cultured for about five days on the Tianzhou-10 supply ship, then frozen and returned to Earth for analysis, with Earth-based controls for comparison. The goal is to understand potential risks to human reproduction during long-term space habitation, not to create real babies in space.
SpaceX announced May 19 as the target date for the first flight of Starship Version 3 from Starbase, Texas, featuring upgraded Raptor engines and a new launch pad. The Flight 12 test will validate the redesigned booster and upper stage, including a soft splashdown for the booster, 22 mass simulators to model next-generation Starlink satellites, imagery payloads to test heat shield readiness, and reentry maneuvers as SpaceX pursues full reuse for orbital missions and potential Artemis lunar missions. SpaceX is also exploring additional launch sites (including a Louisiana parcel) to support thousands of Starship flights per year, alongside pads at Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral.
ESA and JAXA signed memoranda to deepen planetary-defence collaboration and advance the Ramses mission to rendezvous with asteroid Apophis ahead of its 2029 Earth flyby, with ESA leading spacecraft design and JAXA contributing key hardware to study tidal effects and improve deflection knowledge; the 2029 flyby will bring Apophis within about 32,000 km of Earth, presenting a rare science and public-engagement opportunity.