Tag

Randomized Trial

All articles tagged with #randomized trial

health1 day ago•3 min saved

Long-term supervised exercise reduces atrial fibrillation burden, trial finds

A Norwegian multicenter randomized trial (NEXAF) in 295 patients with non-permanent AF showed that a one-year exercise program—eight supervised high-intensity sessions upfront plus long-term home-based activity with digital monitoring—reduced AF burden by 45% at one year (3.9% vs 7.1%, p=0.016). AF-specific QoL did not differ significantly, but participants improved cardiorespiratory fitness and had lower resting heart rate. Hospitalisations dropped 37% overall and 46% for AF-related events. The hybrid model was resource-efficient and feasible, supporting broader adoption of structured exercise in AF care.

via News-Medical|

#af-burden #atrial-fibrillation #exercise-based-rehabilitation

science1 day ago•7 min saved

A month of clean air may sharpen aging brains

In a randomized crossover study of 119 adults aged 30–74, those 40+ completed tests of executive function and mental flexibility about 12% faster after using a real HEPA purifier for one month compared with a sham unit, suggesting cleaner indoor air may modestly boost brain function and help shield cognition from traffic-related pollution.

via Science Daily|

#air-pollution #brain-health #cognitive-function

health3 days ago•3 min saved

Healthy seniors over 70 may gain protection from daily statins, trial shows

A world-first randomized trial in nearly 10,000 Australians over 70 without prior heart disease found that daily statin use reduced the risk of a first major cardiovascular event by 30% over about six years, with one event prevented for every 37 people treated. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine and presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress, suggests older adults should discuss statin therapy with their GP; side effects were low and dementia risk did not increase, but adherence was an issue and results may not generalize to all populations.

via The Guardian|

#australia #cardiovascular-disease #elderly

health7 days ago•3 min saved

Inhaled cannabis linked to a small drop in certain heart rhythm irregularities

A randomized crossover trial of 108 adults who regularly used cannabis found that inhaling cannabis on 14 days reduced daily cardiac ectopy by about 9%, driven by fewer premature atrial contractions, with no significant changes in premature ventricular contractions, physical activity, sleep, or mean glucose; the effects are small, the study has limitations (imperfect adherence, varied cannabis products, young population with low ectopy), and researchers urge more research before any clinical implications are drawn.

via Medscape|

#atrial-contractions #cannabis #cardiology

health-and-medicine14 days ago•7 min saved

Plant-powered vegan meals cut calories without counting, aiding weight loss

In a 16-week randomized trial, adults with overweight following an ad libitum low-fat vegan diet ate roughly the same amount of food by weight but consumed about 357 fewer calories per day and reduced dietary energy density by ~30%, leading to weight loss without calorie counting or portion control.

via Science Daily|

#energy-density #health-and-medicine #plant-based-nutrition

health20 days ago•6 min saved

Stopping Statins at 75: French Trial Suggests Possible Safety for Healthy Seniors

A French randomized trial in healthy adults around age 80 found that stopping statins at age 75 did not worsen three-year outcomes compared with continuing them; LDL rose after stopping, but death rates and major cardiovascular events were similar and quality of life remained unchanged. The findings may apply only to low-risk, healthy elderly populations and should not change practice broadly; decisions should be individualized and confirmed with longer follow-up and diverse populations.

via STAT|

#cardiovascular-disease #deprescribing #elderly

health26 days ago•27 min saved

Cannabinoid therapy cuts PTSD nightmares in a landmark trial

In a multicenter, double‑blind randomized trial, nightly dronabinol (THC) reduced PTSD‑related nightmares more than placebo over 10 weeks in 171 adults. The primary outcome (CAPS‑IV B2: nightmare frequency/intensity) favored dronabinol with a between‑group difference of −1.50 (CI −2.28 to −0.71) and a moderate effect size (Cohen’s d ≈ 0.65), supporting dronabinol as a potential pharmacotherapy for PTSD nightmares; safety was monitored during titration and maintenance, and data access is described in the publication.

via Nature|

#dronabinol #health #nightmares

health28 days ago•4 min saved

High-Dose Vitamin D3 Fails to Extend Progression-Free Survival in Untreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

In the SOLARIS phase 3 trial, 455 patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer were randomized to high-dose vitamin D3 plus standard chemotherapy with bevacizumab or standard-dose vitamin D3. High-dose vitamin D3 did not improve progression-free survival (11.8 vs 10.3 months), objective response rate, or overall survival, though there was a signal suggesting left-sided tumors may benefit. The regimen was well tolerated with similar adverse events between groups. The findings do not support routine use of high-dose vitamin D3 in unselected patients and warrant further investigation in targeted subgroups.

via Medscape|

#bevacizumab #health #metastatic-colorectal-cancer

health29 days ago•16 min saved

Liquid Fluoride Arrests Cavities in Young Children, Large Trial Finds

A Phase III trial of 830 children under six with severe early childhood caries found that a 38% silver diamine fluoride liquid applied to affected teeth significantly slowed decay over eight months, with about 50% showing no progression versus 17% on placebo, supporting FDA approval for noninvasive treatment, though it causes permanent tooth darkening and had similar adverse events to placebo.

via Gizmodo|

#cavities #dental-health #fda-approval

mental-health1 month ago•28 min saved

Ketamine's morning cortisol rise parallels rapid relief from suicidal thoughts in depression

A randomized controlled trial in adults with major depression and active suicidal ideation found that a single subanesthetic ketamine infusion increased waking morning cortisol 24 hours post-treatment (not seen with midazolam). This cortisol rise coincided with ketamine’s peak anti-suicidal effects, though the correlation with symptom improvement was modest and not consistently significant. The findings suggest cortisol changes may be involved in ketamine’s action on the stress-response system, but more research with more comprehensive sampling and sleep monitoring is needed to establish causality and clinical relevance.

via PsyPost|

#cortisol #depression #ketamine

health1 month ago•6 min saved

Two Drugs Show Early Promise in Preventing Long COVID

Two randomized trials suggest Paxlovid, started during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, reduced the risk of developing long COVID by about 40% at three months, while metformin cut the risk of physician-diagnosed long COVID at six months by roughly half. Experts are cautiously optimistic, but definitions and generalizability vary, and more data are needed to confirm efficacy across diverse populations.

via Nature|

#health #long-covid #metformin

health1 month ago•5 min saved

Brief theta-burst brain stimulation provides short-term depression relief, but gains fade after follow-up

A randomized trial in JAMA Network Open tested intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) for major depressive disorder. Over a 10-day course, 41 participants received real iTBS and 32 received sham stimulation; iTBS produced greater clinician-rated improvement during treatment, but by four weeks post-treatment the sham group had caught up, and self-reported symptoms showed little difference. The sham coil mimicked sensations to preserve blinding. Overall, findings suggest potential short-term benefits of iTBS but raise questions about durability and the need for longer follow-up in future studies.

via ScienceAlert|

#brain-stimulation #depression #health

gastrointestinal-health2 months ago•13 min saved

Four-Fiber Blend Eases Chronic Constipation in Small Randomized Trial

A 54-participant, double-blind study found that a 13 g daily blend of dietary fibers from resistant dextrin, pectins, citrus fiber, and oat fiber improved spontaneous bowel movements and stool form versus placebo over 28 days in adults with functional constipation, with good tolerability; results suggest combined fibers may offer rapid relief, though larger, multicenter trials are needed.

via News-Medical|

#constipation #dietary-fiber #gastrointestinal-health

health2 months ago•193 min saved

Omega-3 pills don’t boost memory in new brain-health study

A randomized, double-blind trial found that high-dose omega-3 algae supplements did not improve memory or cognition in adults at risk for dementia, even though blood and cerebrospinal fluid showed higher omega-3 levels. The researchers say benefits come from overall healthy lifestyle choices—exercise, sleep, and a Mediterranean-style diet with fatty fish—rather than supplements alone.

via CNN|

#apoe4 #brain-health #dementia

health2 months ago•7 min saved

Quetiapine Eases Sleep Apnea Yet Impairs Morning Driving

A small randomized trial in 15 adults with obstructive sleep apnea and sleep-maintenance difficulties found that taking 50 mg of quetiapine before bed increased total sleep time and reduced apnea events, but tripled morning attention lapses and worsened driving performance in a simulator. Researchers caution against driving for about 9.5 hours after dosing and note the study’s small size and single-night design, with sex-based differences in drug metabolism potentially influencing effects. Larger studies are needed to confirm the trade-offs between sleep benefits and daytime functioning.

via Fox News|

#cognitive-impairment #driving-impairment #health