All articles tagged with #space and spaceflight
A Science Advances study suggests Ganymede’s metallic core is still forming today, and that ongoing convection in this migrating, hot iron core powers its long-unique magnetic field via a ‘cold-start’ dynamo; the results don’t fully overturn older theories, but they offer a new mechanism to explain why Ganymede’s dynamo persists while Callisto shows no obvious one, with implications for Europa and future data from Europa Clipper and Juice.
Starship V3's Flight 12 was largely successful and its heat shield performed exceptionally well, with reentry temperatures around 1,450 C and video/images showing a uniform, largely intact shield thanks to new tile geometry and stronger attachment clips. SpaceX will study post-flight data since the vehicle was destroyed on splashdown to validate heat-shield durability for rapid reuse ahead of crewed Moon/Mars missions; meanwhile a separate multi-engine failure during the booster boostback caused a hard splashdown, a problem SpaceX must address before Flight 13.
A new reanalysis of Hubble data reduces the 2014 claim of 200-km-high water-vapor plumes on Europa from 99.9% confidence to under 90%, suggesting the earlier signal may be statistical noise; meanwhile there’s evidence for a persistent hydrogen exosphere but no localized water vapor. Future missions like Europa Clipper and JUICE will help settle the question.
Four NASA missions captured a record-breaking 19-day solar radio burst originating from a helmet streamer in the Sun’s corona, likely powered by multiple coronal mass ejections; researchers developed a new technique to localize the source, aiding space-weather forecasting.
Asteroid 2026 JH2, roughly 14–30 meters across, will pass within about 57,000 miles (92,000 km) of Earth today—closer than a quarter of the Moon’s distance. It poses no threat, but scientists will use the Virtual Telescope Project 2.0 livestream to study its orbit and physical properties as it whizzes by, with closest approach around 5:58 p.m. ET. The rock completes an orbit around the Sun every 3.76 years; the next close pass won’t occur until 2090.
New vacuum-chamber experiments modeling Europa- and Enceladus-like conditions find that low-pressure cryogenic freezing can produce highly porous, croissant-shaped 'fluffy ice' layers. These layers could be several meters to tens of meters thick, creating brittle ice that threatens lander stability or burial on the surface, complicating future missions to ocean worlds. Researchers will simulate flowing cryovolcanic flows to better mimic real surfaces, and mission planners (Europa Clipper, JUICE, and future landers) will need to rethink landing gear and procedures to cope with this icy hazard.
NASA’s Perseverance has driven more than 26.05 miles (41.92 km) on Mars over five years, closing in on Opportunity’s 28.06-mile record. After leaving Jezero Crater, it’s pushing into Lac de Charmes with future stops like Gardevarri and Singing Canyon, inching toward what could become the rover’s ultramarathon finish line later this month.
New Antarctic ice analyses show trace iron-60, a signature of stellar explosions, was delivered to Earth as the solar system moves through the Local Interstellar Cloud. The measured iron-60 levels are lower than some predictions, but the dating (about 40,000–80,000 years ago) aligns with recent estimates that our solar system has been passing through the cloud within roughly 40,000–124,000 years, meaning Antarctica preserves a geological record of this interstellar journey.
A study of Venus, using Akatsuki data, shows that gigantic hydraulic jumps push sulfuric acid vapor upward into the lower-to-middle cloud layers, creating planet-spanning cloud fronts that can reach about 6,000 km and likely help sustain Venus’s extreme superrotation, resolving decades of mystery and offering clues for future missions and potentially similar processes on Mars.
NASA's Artemis II composite animation visualizes a crowded low Earth orbit, showing thousands of objects— active satellites, dead satellites, rocket bodies and debris— streaking around Earth at about 17,550 mph and underscoring the collision risks as LEO traffic has surged in recent years.
A Falcon 9 upper stage from SpaceX’s 2025 lunar mission remains in a highly elliptical Earth orbit and is predicted by independent analyst Bill Gray’s Project Pluto to collide with the Moon on August 5 at about Mach 7 (5,400 mph / 8,700 km/h). The impact would likely be on the Moon’s near side and would probably not be visible from Earth; the exact impact site is expected to tighten with more data, highlighting concerns about space junk disposal in the growing near‑Earth–Moon environment.
Astrobotic tested its Chakram rotating detonation rocket engine at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, firing two prototypes to more than 4,000 pounds of thrust per engine for a combined 470 seconds of burn time across eight hot-fire tests, with no damage observed. The RDRE uses detonation shockwaves in a circular channel to boost efficiency and has potential for lunar landers and deep-space propulsion, supported by NASA SBIR awards and a Space Act Agreement; similar RDRE work is underway by Venus Aerospace and NASA.
NASA’s Curiosity rover captured Mastcam mosaics showing thousands of polygonal, honeycomb-like textures across rocks near Antofagasta crater in Gale Crater, a pattern scientists are evaluating as a clue to Mars’ ancient watery past; researchers are testing hypotheses from drying/wetting cycles and groundwater mineralization, complementing other recent findings of organics in Martian rocks.
Astronomers using Keck, Webb, and Hubble analyzed Uranus’ faint outer rings and found two distinct compositions: the blue μ ring consists of tiny icy grains likely sourced from Mab, while the red ν ring is rocky with about 10–15% carbon-rich organics, suggesting different formation histories for the planet’s second ring system. The study, published in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, highlights how ring material traces back to source bodies and collisions, with implications for Uranus’s formation and a need for future close-up observations.
After Artemis 2's splashdown, NASA said Orion's heat shield performed as expected with no unusual conditions, significantly reducing the abnormal charring seen in Artemis 1. Initial concerns about a missing chunk were clarified by recovery photos, and NASA's skip-entry adjustment appears to have mitigated gas buildup and damage. The agency will continue tests and imaging over the coming weeks, but early results show the shield did its job and clears the path for future crewed Moon missions.